{"id":1812,"date":"2016-08-11T15:32:30","date_gmt":"2016-08-11T12:32:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/novax.org\/?p=1812"},"modified":"2017-02-06T00:19:00","modified_gmt":"2017-02-05T21:19:00","slug":"%d8%b4%d9%84%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b7%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%84-%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%ab%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af-%d8%a3%d9%85-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%9f-%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/novax.org\/?p=1812","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644: \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645 &#8230; \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u061f &#8211; \u0645. \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"_3hi clearfix\">\n<div class=\"_3hi clearfix\">\n<div class=\"_3hi clearfix\">\n<div class=\"_38 direction_rtl\">\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641<\/span>\u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0665\u0660 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 (\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0662 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a AFP \u0668 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0661\u0660\u0660 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646\u00a0 \u0623\u0646 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\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u00a0 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 -\u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0664 &#8211; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u00a0 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u00a0 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u00a0<span class=\"null\"> \u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0642\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u00a0 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u061f<\/div>\n<div class=\"_1yr\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0627.<\/div>\n<div class=\"_1yr\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_3hi clearfix\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_Polio.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1818 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_Polio-e1468844382390-1024x221.png\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0663-\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0664\" width=\"1024\" height=\"221\" srcset=\"https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_Polio-e1468844382390-1024x221.png 1024w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_Polio-e1468844382390-300x65.png 300w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_Polio-e1468844382390-768x166.png 768w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_Polio-e1468844382390.png 1717w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0663-\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0664<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1819\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1819\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/India_Polio2003_2014.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1819 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/India_Polio2003_2014-1024x289.png\" alt=\"\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0663-\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0664\" width=\"1024\" height=\"289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/India_Polio2003_2014-1024x289.png 1024w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/India_Polio2003_2014-300x85.png 300w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/India_Polio2003_2014-768x217.png 768w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/India_Polio2003_2014.png 1497w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1819\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0663-\u0662\u0660\u0661\u0664<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/IndiaPolioOPV.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1845 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/IndiaPolioOPV-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"IndiaPolioOPV\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" srcset=\"https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/IndiaPolioOPV-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/IndiaPolioOPV-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/IndiaPolioOPV-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/IndiaPolioOPV.jpg 1182w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (2)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"_3hi clearfix\" dir=\"ltr\">1. Our results indicate that the incidence of non-polio AFP was strongly associated with the number of OPV doses delivered to the area. We also observed a dose response relation with cumulative doses over the years, which further strengthens the hypothetical relationship between polio vaccine and non-polio paralysis.<br \/>\nThe fall in the non polio paralysis in Bihar and UP for the first time in 2012, with a decrease in the number of OPV doses delivered, is further corroborative evidence of a causative association between OPV doses and the NPAFP rate.<br \/>\n2. Follow-up of these cases of non-polio AFP is not done routinely. However a fifth of these cases of non-polio AFP in the state of Uttar Pradesh were followed-up after 60 days, in 2005. 35.2% were found to have residual paralysis and 8.5% had died (total residual paralysis or death 43.7%). There is thus an urgency to identify the reasons for the surge in non-polio paralysis numbers and take corrective measures immediately.<br \/>\n3. It is possible that factors that result in higher polio incidence in these states, like overcrowding and poor sanitation also promote spread of entero-pathogens which cause non polio paralysis. However poor sanitation by itself cannot explain why the incidence of non-polio paralysis should increase year after year in the same area, in proportion to doses of polio vaccine administered here.<br \/>\n4. Some have attributed this increase in non polio paralysis to good surveillance. A surveillance programme no matter how good, can only record every case of AFP, but it cannot exaggerate the numbers or explain the 25 to 35 fold increase in the non-polio AFP rate, as seen in the state of Bihar and UP (2010). In fact it is the states with the best health indicators and therefore presumably the best surveillance that have some of the lowest non-polio paralysis rates<br \/>\n5. The NPAFP may be considered as collateral damage in the effort to eradicate polio. It was hoped that after polio eradication the use of oral polio vaccine could be stopped and it could result in the reduction of NPAFP. However it is realised that this is unlikely to happen in the near future given the economic and logistical hurdles in switching to IPV<br \/>\nTherefore, our study would like to urge the experts to optimise the dosing schedule of OPV so as to prevent an inadvertent increase in non \u2013polio paralysis in India.<\/div>\n<div class=\"_3hi clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_1820\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1820\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_OPVUnderGun.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1820\" src=\"http:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_OPVUnderGun-300x180.jpeg\" alt=\"\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_OPVUnderGun-300x180.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_OPVUnderGun-768x461.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_OPVUnderGun-1024x614.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/novax.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/04\/Pakistan_OPVUnderGun.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1820\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>1 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a:\u00a0 https:\/\/extranet.who.int\/polis\/public\/CaseCount.aspx<\/p>\n<p>2\u00a0 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 http:\/\/jacob.puliyel.com\/paper.php?id=340<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0662\u00a0 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u00a0 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0663 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0664 (\u0661) \u0646\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0663 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u00a0acute flaccid paralysis (\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0628) \u0645\u0627 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1912,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20,88,69,12],"tags":[352,299,271,350,148,369],"class_list":["post-1812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-20","category-88","category-69","category-12","tag-352","tag-299","tag-271","tag-350","tag-148","tag-369"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1812"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2770,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1812\/revisions\/2770"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/novax.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}